Treatment

We Provide Treatment For-

De-Addiction Assessment & Treatment

- Drug and behavioural addiction are on the rise. Addiction is often associated with ambivalence along with a sense of shame and guilt. Accepting that one has a problem is the first step toward change and rehabilitation. Clients who think that they may have an addictive problem are encouraged to seek consultation; wherein systematic evaluation of motivation for change is addressed. All individuals are treated with respect, compassion and warmth, and intervention is guided by personal need.
-Dr Abhishek Pathak has extensive experience in assessment and treatment of chemical/drug (such as alcoholism, smoking, illicit drug like opioid and stimulants, etc) and behavioural addiction (such as Internet addiction includes surfing, gaming, chat room, social media and sex addiction, besides gambling and gaming addiction). Both harm minimization and abstinence program is offered. Treatment may include medication, psychotherapy (talking therapy – guided by Motivational intervention and Motivational enhancement therapy, Cue exposure therapy, Cognitive behavioural therapy, Mindfulness therapies,
and Counselling.
- Much of the de-addiction program may are conducted on an outpatient basis, but detoxification from drugs and alcohol may require hospitalisation for intensive and safe therapeutic. treatment. Dr. Abhishek Pathak can arrange such admission and personally monitor and supervise it.

Headache (Migraine/Tension type headache)

Epilepsy

Anxiety Disorders

Generalised Anxiety Disorders

- People with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) display excessive anxiety or worry, most days for at least 6 months, about several things such as personal health, work, social interactions, and everyday routine life circumstances. The fear and anxiety can cause significant problems in areas of their life, such as social interactions, school, and work

- Generalized anxiety disorder symptoms include:

- Feeling restless, wound-up, or on-edge

- Being easily fatigued

- Having difficulty concentrating; mind going blank

- Being irritable

- Having muscle tension

- Difficulty controlling feelings of worry

- Having sleep problems, such as difficulty falling or staying asleep, restlessness, or unsatisfying sleep

Panic Disorders

- People with panic disorder have recurrent unexpected panic attacks. Panic attacks are sudden periods of intense fear that come on quickly and reach their peak within minutes. Attacks can occur unexpectedly or can be brought on by a trigger, such as a feared object or situation.

- During a panic attack, people may experience:

- Heart palpitations, a pounding heartbeat, or an accelerated heart rate

- Sweating

- Trembling or shaking

- Sensations of shortness of breath, smothering, or choking

- Feelings of impending doom

- Feelings of being out of control

- People with panic disorder often worry about when the next attack will happen and actively try to prevent future attacks by avoiding places, situations, or behaviors they associate with panic attacks. Worry about panic attacks, and the effort spent trying to avoid attacks, cause significant problems in various areas of the person’s life, including the development of agoraphobia

Stress induced anxiety

- Anxiety is a person’s specific reaction to stress; its origin is internal. Anxiety is typically characterized by a “persistent feeling of apprehension or dread” in situations that are not actually threatening. Unlike stress, anxiety persists even after a concern has passed. In more severe cases, anxiety can escalate into an anxiety disorder, the most common mental health issue in the U.S. Anxiety disorders are classified in a variety of ways: generalized anxiety, panic disorder, phobias, social anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

- Those living with anxiety, as well as chronic stress, will likely benefit from supervised care and should consider seeing a licensed mental health professional.

- It’s important to know how to identify and differentiate signs of stress and anxiety. Stress is a common trigger for anxiety and it’s important to catch anxiety symptoms early to prevent development of an anxiety disorder.

- That’s why Mental Health First Aid teaches participants to notice signs of distress. A panic attack, for example, is a symptom of anxiety, not stress. During a panic attack, people will experience symptoms like those of a heart attack, including chest pain, sweating, feeling faint, nausea, chills and breathing difficulties. It develops abruptly and usually peaks within 10 minutes.

Depressive Disorders

- Depression (major depressive disorder or clinical depression) is a common but serious mood disorder. It causes severe symptoms that affect how you feel, think, and handle daily activities, such as sleeping, eating, or working. To be diagnosed with depression, the symptoms must be present for at least two weeks.

- Signs and Symptoms

- If you have been experiencing some of the following signs and symptoms most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks, you may be suffering from depression:

- Persistent sad, anxious, or “empty” mood

- Feelings of hopelessness, or pessimism

- Irritability

- Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or helplessness

- Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities

- Decreased energy or fatigue

- Moving or talking more slowly

- Feeling restless or having trouble sitting still

-Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions

-Difficulty sleeping, early-morning awakening, or oversleeping

- Appetite and/or weight changes

- Thoughts of death or suicide, or suicide attempts

- Aches or pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems without a clear physical cause and/or that do not ease even with treatment

Psychotic Disorders

Bipolar Disorders

- Bipolar disorder (formerly called manic-depressive illness or manic depression) is a mental disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, concentration, and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks.

- There are three types of bipolar disorder. All three types involve clear changes in mood, energy, and activity levels. These moods range from periods of extremely “up,” elated, irritable, or energized behavior (known as manic episodes) to very “down,” sad, indifferent, or hopeless periods (known as depressive episodes). Less severe manic periods are known as hypomanic episodes

- Bipolar I Disorder— defined by manic episodes that last at least 7 days, or by manic symptoms that are so severe that the person needs immediate hospital care. Usually, depressive episodes occur as well, typically lasting at least 2 weeks. Episodes of depression with mixed features (having depressive symptoms and manic symptoms at the same time) are also possible.

- Bipolar II Disorder— defined by a pattern of depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes, but not the full-blown manic episodes that are typical of Bipolar I Disorder.

- Cyclothymic Disorder (also called Cyclothymia)— defined by periods of hypomanic symptoms as well as periods of depressive symptoms lasting for at least 2 years (1 year in children and adolescents). However, the symptoms do not meet the diagnostic requirements for a hypomanic episode and a depressive episode.

- Sometimes a person might experience symptoms of bipolar disorder that do not match the three categories listed above, which is referred to as “other specified and unspecified bipolar and related disorders.”

- Bipolar disorder is typically diagnosed during late adolescence (teen years) or early adulthood. Occasionally, bipolar symptoms can appear in children. Bipolar disorder can also first appear during a woman’s pregnancy or following childbirth. Although the symptoms may vary over time, bipolar disorder usually requires lifelong treatment. Following a prescribed treatment plan can help people manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life.

- Sometimes a person might experience symptoms of bipolar disorder that do not match the three categories listed above, which is referred to as “other specified and unspecified bipolar and related disorders.”

- Schizophrenia

- Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by disruptions in thought processes, perceptions, emotional responsiveness, and social interactions. Although the course of schizophrenia varies among individuals, schizophrenia is typically persistent and can be both severe and disabling.

- Symptoms of schizophrenia include psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorder (unusual ways of thinking), as well as reduced expression of emotions, reduced motivation to accomplish goals, difficulty in social relationships, motor impairment, and cognitive impairment. Although symptoms typically start in late adolescence or early adulthood, schizophrenia is often viewed from a developmental perspective. Cognitive impairment and unusual behaviors sometimes appear in childhood, and persistent presence of multiple symptoms represent a later stage of the disorder. This pattern may reflect disruptions in brain development as well as environmental factors such as prenatal or early life stress. This perspective fuels the hope that early interventions will improve the course of schizophrenia which is often severely disabling when left untreated.

- Delusional Disorders

- A delusion is a fixed false belief based on an inaccurate interpretation of an external reality despite evidence to the contrary. The belief is not congruent with one’s culture or subculture, and almost everyone else knows it to be false.

- The diagnosis of a delusional disorder occurs when a person has one or more non-bizarre (situations that can take place in real life, although not real but are possible) delusional thought for one month or more, that has no explanation by another physiological, substance-induced, medical condition or any other mental health condition. An individual’s cultural beliefs merit consideration before coming to the diagnosis. Cultural beliefs also impact the content of delusions.

- Substance induced psychotic Disorders

- A substance-induced psychotic disorder is a mental health condition in which the onset of your psychotic episodes or psychotic disorder symptoms can be traced to starting or stopping using alcohol or a drug

- Intoxication and withdrawal from a variety of central nervous system depressants and stimulants may induce hallucinations or delusions, which, when unaccompanied by insight, are the hallmarks of psychosis. A substance-induced psychosis may, in many instances, present as an organic psychosis or as an independent mental disorder (eg, schizophrenia), complicating diagnostic efforts. Ramifications of a misdiagnosed psychotic illness are potentially long-lasting and harmful to a patient. It is, therefore, crucial that health care providers be aware of the complex relationship between substance abuse, psychotic symptoms, and independent psychotic disorders. This report addresses substance-induced psychosis, by describing those psychotic symptoms most commonly associated with the abuse of specific drugs and alcohol, detailing useful diagnostic techniques and outlining treatment recommendations.

OCD

- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common, chronic, and long-lasting disorder in which a person has uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts (obsessions) and/or behaviors (compulsions) that he or she feels the urge to repeat over and over.

- Signs and Symptoms

- People with OCD may have symptoms of obsessions, compulsions, or both. These symptoms can interfere with all aspects of life, such as work, school, and personal relationships.

- Obsessions are repeated thoughts, urges, or mental images that cause anxiety. Common symptoms include:

- Fear of germs or contamination

- Unwanted forbidden or taboo thoughts involving sex, religion, or harm

- Aggressive thoughts towards others or self

- Having things symmetrical or in a perfect order

- Compulsions are repetitive behaviors that a person with OCD feels the urge to do in response to an obsessive thought. Common compulsions include:

- Excessive cleaning and/or handwashing

- Ordering and arranging things in a particular, precise way

- Repeatedly checking on things, such as repeatedly checking to see if the door is locked or that the oven is off

- Compulsive counting

- Not all rituals or habits are compulsions. Everyone double checks things sometimes. But a person with OCD generally:

- Can’t control his or her thoughts or behaviors, even when those thoughts or behaviors are recognized as excessive

- Spends at least 1 hour a day on these thoughts or behaviours

- Doesn’t get pleasure when performing the behaviors or rituals, but may feel brief relief from the anxiety the thoughts cause

- Experiences significant problems in their daily life due to these thoughts or behaviours

- Some individuals with OCD also have a tic disorder. Motor tics are sudden, brief, repetitive movements, such as eye blinking and other eye movements, facial grimacing, shoulder shrugging, and head or shoulder jerking. Common vocal tics include repetitive throat-clearing, sniffing, or grunting sounds.

- Symptoms may come and go, ease over time, or worsen. People with OCD may try to help themselves by avoiding situations that trigger their obsessions, or they may use alcohol or drugs to calm themselves. Although most adults with OCD recognize that what they are doing doesn’t make sense, some adults and most children may not realize that their behaviour is out of the ordinary. Parents or teachers typically recognize OCD symptoms in children.

- If you think you have OCD, talk to your doctor about your symptoms. If left untreated, OCD can interfere in all aspects of life.

Personality Disorders

- Personality is the way of thinking, feeling and behaving that makes a person different from other people. An individual’s personality is influenced by experiences, environment (surroundings, life situations) and inherited characteristics. A person’s personality typically stays the same over time. A personality disorder is a way of thinking, feeling and behaving that deviates from the expectations of the culture, causes distress or problems functioning, and lasts over time.

- There are 10 specific types of personality disorders. Personality disorders are long-term patterns of behavior and inner experiences that differs significantly from what is expected. The pattern of experience and behavior begins by late adolescence or early adulthood and causes distress or problems in functioning. Without treatment, personality disorders can be long-lasting. Personality disorders affect at least two of these areas:

- Way of thinking about oneself and others
- Way of responding emotionally
- Way of relating to other people
- Way of controlling one’s behaviour
- Relationship issues
- No matter the cause, distress in a relationship can lead to many problems including codependency, stress, unhappiness, depression, fear, and anxiety. - You may hope your relationship troubles just go away on their own, but a troubled relationship may only worsen.
- chronic relationship conflict and stress is a serious issue. It has been linked to poorer mental and physical health1 and can affect other areas of life such as relationships with family and friends, and work colleagues2. Children also suffer when exposed to high levels of conflict at home, and are at greater risk for anxiety, depression, behavioural problems, and poorer health

Dementia

Old age Depression

ADHD

- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development.

- Inattention means a person wanders off task, lacks persistence, has difficulty sustaining focus, and is disorganized; and these problems are not due to defiance or lack of comprehension.

- Hyperactivity means a person seems to move about constantly, including in situations in which it is not appropriate; or excessively fidgets, taps, or talks. In adults, it may be extreme restlessness or wearing others out with constant activity.

- Impulsivity means a person makes hasty actions that occur in the moment without first thinking about them and that may have a high potential for harm, or a desire for immediate rewards or inability to delay gratification. An impulsive person may be socially intrusive and excessively interrupt others or make important decisions without considering the long-term consequences.

- Signs and Symptoms

- Inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity are the key behaviours of ADHD. Some people with ADHD only have problems with one of the behaviours, while others have both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Most children have the combined type of ADHD.

- In preschool, the most common ADHD symptom is hyperactivity.

- It is normal to have some inattention, unfocused motor activity, and impulsivity, but for people with ADHD, these behaviours:

- are more severe

- occur more often

- interfere with or reduce the quality of how they function socially, at school, or in a job

Behavioural Problems in Children

Intellectual Disability

Autism and other Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Marital therapy

Substance abuse is a family disease that adversely impacts both the user and the user’s family. The family can act as a risk factor for the development of substance abuse among children and adults. The family can also be involved in therapy to either help the recovery process or prevent substance abuse. Marital and family therapy have been found to be effective in reducing the severity of substance use, lowering marital and family conflict, improving family communication and cohesion as well as effective parenting practices. Behavioural Couples Therapy has been found to have good empirical support for bringing about the desired changes in both substance abuse and marital relationship. While targeting entire families, the most common evidenced based family interventions are Brief Strategic Family Therapy, Multidimensional Family Therapy, Family Behaviour Therapy, Functional Family Therapy and Community Reinforcement Programme. Marital and family therapy have to be sensitive to gender and culture. Effective use of marital and family therapy requires adequate training to equip practitioners in adequately treating not only substance use disorders and family pathology, but also in treating co-morbid mental health conditions.

Sleep Disorders

- Insomnias (including circadian rhythm disorders)

- Hypersomnias (including narcolepsy)

- Parasomnias (night terrors, nightmares, sleep walking, bruxism and movement disorders)

- Secondary sleep disorders

- Sleep studies like Polysomnography, Multiple Sleep Latency Test, Actigraphy and EEG

- Sleep apnoeas, epilepsies and other physical conditions

- Treat co-morbid psychiatric conditions

- Treatment focus on sleep hygiene, CBT and medication